GNM Second Year – Medical Surgical and Community Nursing Text Lesson

Fundamentals of Nursing

Fundamentals of Nursing is the core subject of GNM 1st Year and forms the foundation of professional nursing practice. This subject introduces students to the basic concepts, principles, and philosophy of nursing. It focuses on patient-centered care, ethical values, and professional responsibilities of a nurse. Students learn essential nursing skills such as maintaining hygiene, ensuring patient comfort, observing vital signs, and providing safe care. The subject also emphasizes infection prevention, communication skills, and nurse–patient relationships. Fundamentals of Nursing prepares students to understand clinical environments and builds confidence for future clinical exposure. It plays a crucial role in shaping students into responsible, compassionate, and skilled nursing professionals.

Study Duration

6 Min

Fundamentals of Nursing aims to provide student nurses with essential knowledge and skills required for basic patient care. The subject begins with an introduction to nursing as a profession, including its definition, scope, roles, and responsibilities. Students are taught the importance of ethical principles, discipline, and professional conduct in healthcare settings.

A major focus of this subject is on maintaining cleanliness and preventing infection. Topics such as hand hygiene, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), sterilization, and disinfection are covered in detail. Students also learn about patient safety, body mechanics, and proper positioning to ensure comfort and prevent injury.

Vital signs such as temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure measurement are taught both theoretically and practically. Bed making, patient transfer, feeding techniques, and basic nursing procedures are practiced during clinical training. Communication skills and nurse–patient interaction are emphasized to ensure holistic care.

Through practical exposure in hospitals, students develop confidence, empathy, and teamwork skills. Fundamentals of Nursing lays a strong foundation for advanced nursing subjects and prepares students for effective clinical practice.

Fundamentals of Nursing

Text Lessons